Improvement in grain-binders



5 Sheets-Sheet 1.,

S. JOHNSTON. Grain-Binders. No. 222,632. Patented Dec. 16, 1879.

N- PETERS. PHOTDJUTHQGRAPNER. WASHINGTON. D C.

5 Sheets-Sheet 2 S. JOHNSTON. Grain-Binders.

Patented Dec. I6, I879.

I unryiw wwww N.PEI'ERS, PHOTO-LQTHOGRAPHER, WASHINGTON. 0 C.

5 Sheets-Sheet 3. S. JOHNSTON. Grain-Binders. No. 222,632. Patented .Dec. 16-; 1879.

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m 'lml I Q MW mmuumflll i li V miiliiliih =5 In Win N. PErERS, PHOTO-UTNOBRAPHER, WASMIMGYON. my C.

5 Sheets-Sheet.

S. JOHNSTON. Grain-Binders.- No. 22,632. Patented Dec. 16, I879.

N,PETERS, PHDTO'LITHOGRAPMER, WASHINGTON, a CV 5 SheetsSheet 5.

S. JOHNSTON. Grain-Binders. No. 222,632. Patented Dec. 16, I879.

N. PETERS, PHOTO-LITHOGRAPHER WASWNGTDN, D. O.

UNITED STATES .a'rnnr Orion] SAMUEL JOHNSTON, OF BROGKPORT, NEW YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN GRAIN- BINDERS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 222,632., dated December 16, 1879; application filed June 12, 1879.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, SAMUEL JOHNSTON, of Brockport, in the county of Monroe and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Harvesting and Binding Machines, of which the following is a specification.

My invention relates to mechanism operating to cut, gather, and bind grain, and discharge the same bound in a sheaf; and it consists in devices and combinations of devices hereinafter described, and pointed out in the claims.

' In the drawings, Figure 1 is a perspective view of the machine embodying "in it my improvements. Fig. 2 is a section through the mechanism by which the band is placed around the bundle and secured-there. Fig. 3 is a plan of same. Fig. 4 is a side elevation of the entire machine, showing the driving machinery. Fig. 5 is a plan of the driving machinery. Fig. 6 is a sectional plan of the driving mechanism. Fig. 7 is a detailed section of the gearing which operates the cutterbar. Fig.8 is aplan of the mechanism by which the inner divider is operated. Fig. 9 is a plan of the cam which operates the binding mechanism. Fig. 10 is a plan of the plate operated by cam shown in Fig. 9, and which imparts motion to the binding mechanism. Figs. 11, 12, and 13 are detailed views of the mechanism which oscillates the shafts carrying the compressing-arm and band-carrier. Fig. 14 is an elevation of the compressing-arm and band-carrier and compressing-band. Figs. 15, 16, and 17 are views showing the mechanism bywhich the continuously-rotatin g platform is thrown in and out of gear. Fig. 18is a view showing the means by which the band is supplied to the band-carrying arm. Figs. 19, 20, 21, 22,23, and 24 are detailed views of the binding and severing mechanism. Fig. 25 shows the metallic ribbon in its various forms before, during, and after being operated on by the binding mechanism.

Like letters of reference correspond to like parts of the machine.

ported by and rev'olves with the bindingframe E. The bevel-gear F, which is mounted upon and secured to the drivingshaft G, gears into a bevel-gear, g, secured upon a shaft, g, and gives a rotary motion to the reel-arms H H by means of another set of bevel-wheels, g and g. The reel-arms are provided with teeth wherewith to gather the grain. The reel-cam C may be moved upon its center by means of a lever, 19, which is secured in any desirable position by a rack, 12. By the proper movement and adjustment of this lever 19 the reelarms move a greater or less distance backupon the platform A, by which adjustment the band is make to pass around the desired part of the grain when in the formof a bundle.

The relative proportions of the gearing which drives the reel-arms and the gearing for drivin g the binding mechanism across the front of the platform are such that the binding mechan ism passes from rightto left on the. platform across the front in the interval between the passage of two successive reel-arms across the front line or track pursued by the binding mechanism, compressing arms, and bandcarrying arm, so that the reelarms shall not throw the grain on topbf the binding mechanism, compressing-arm, and band-carrying arm while they are traveling across the platform.

The bevelgear F, which is secured to the shaft G, meshes into a bevel-wheel, f, which, in turn, puts in motion a pair of bevel-wheels, f and f through the agency of a shaft. The

bevel-gear f 2 causes a shaft, 1, to rotate. Upon the opposite end of said shaft I is a small bevel wheel, 2', which meshes into a larger wheel, J, which is provided with a camway,j, the object of which will be hereinafter explained.

The bevel-gear J is secured upon a vertical hollow shaft, K, which rotates in bearings 7c, and imparts a rotary motion to the binding frame E, which carries the binding mechanism and other parts directlyrelated thereto.

At one end of the bindingframe E, and at point e, is pivoted the segmental gear L, having a projecting piece, l, carryinga roller, 1, which travels in a camway, M, impartingan oscillating motion to the segmental gear L, which meshes into the pinion N, causing arotatingmot-ion of said pinion, and also to a hollow shaft, 41,- upon which it is secured, and an oscillating motion to the band-carryin g arm n, which is secured to shaft n at the other end. The shaft it rotates in bearings a a Ois a small pinion secured upon a shaft, 0, rotating within the hollow shaft n, which acts as a'bearing to said shaft. The upper end of this shaft 0 is formed into or has secured to it a compressing-arm, 0, which oscillates with motion corresponding to that of the shaft 0 and pinion O. The pinion O is rotated by means of a segmental rack-frame, P, which is pivoted at e, and has an oscillating motion imparted to it by the arm p carrying a roller, 19 which moves in a camway, Q. Secured to or forming part of the oscillating rack P is an arm, g, which moves a discharging-rake, g by means of a rod, q, and crank (1 so that the bundle, when completed and bound, is discharged from the revolving platform.

Pivoted to the binding-frame E is a plate, It, which has a fulcrum at e. This plate R is provided with a camway, r, and two crankpins, r r. This plate Bis oscillated upon its fulcrum c in a horizontal plane by the rollers r r striking the cam-pieces S S.- The roller and 10.

Upon the end of the binding-frame E farthest from the shaft Kis the binding mechanism proper, which mechanism is operated directly by the oscillating piece R, just described. The crank pins 1 and r impart motion simultaneously to the rods or bars T T (supplied at their extremities with crimping-jaws) only in opposite directions, thereby causing said jawsto close upon each other. These jaws are kcptfrom movin glaterally by the box if. The jaws are V shaped, and are supplied with teeth, 'so that the teeth of one may pass between the teeth of the other, thereby allowing saidjaws to close tightly upon the metallic ribbon t, crimping it in the manner hereinafter described.

The band is held by the eccentric bandholder t which is kept tight by the spring t The metallic ribbon is held in the box U, and is then given half a turn and passed between the rollers 20 a, which crimp it into the shape shown in Fig. 23. The metallic ribbon t is fed to the crimping-jaws T T by means of the ratchet wheel and pawl 21 which is operated by the jaw T. The roller u is kept tightly against the roller u by the spring a The rollers a and u crimp and feed the ribbon tthrough the slot 1 where the jaws T T crimp it around the two ends of the bands, and at the same time one of the crimping-jaws cuts the ribbon by means of a knife-edge of the slot 13 The various shapes taken by the ribbon are shown in-Fig. 25. In the box II it is straight, as at 1. The rollers u u crimp it as holder 13 between said guide and band-holder by means of the pieces '0 o of the head V, which holds them; and, finally, after-the jaws TT have crimpe-d the ribbon t around the bands the knives o and it out the band immediately above the band-holder t and thereby set the bundle free, when itis discharged by the rake The piece t pushes the bands within the grasp of the metallic ribbon before thejaw T comes into action, and thereby insures the encircling of the bands by the ribbon. When the band has been cut by the knives o and t the end of the band is held tightly between the guide it and eccentric jaw 1, which forms the band-holder, and is ready for the next bundle.

The band for binding the grain is held upon a reel, 70, and from this supply it passes over a small idler, k through the hollow shaft K, and then over rolleron the compressin g-sprin g rod 70 which is held in bearings on the hind ing-frame E, and from this rod k it passes over the roller k in the extremity of the bandcarrying arm n, and then between the bandholder t and guide it where it is securely held.

The compressing-band K is held by the nut is, and passes over the roller Win the (30111- pressing-arm and the rollerk in the bandcarrying arm, as shown in Fig. 14:. The ten sion' of the band K is given by the spring 70 The inner divider is composed of three parts. The part WV is hinged to the stationary part at w, and is moved to and fro upon w as a fulcrum by the bar w, which isvattached to a lever, 10 whose fulcrum is at w, and which is operated bycamwayj, in which the roller 20 which is secured to lever w moves.

Hinged to the end of the part WV is a part, W, which moves with the part W, and also has an; additional motion imparted to it by the cam w through the agency of a roller and lever.

By arranging the driving mechanism on the side of the driving-wheel B opposite to the binding mechanism, the great weight of the platform, with its binding mechanism, is balanced to a certain extent.

The shaft I, which operates the binding frame E through the agency of bevel-gear, is thrown in and out of gear with the bevelwheel f by the following means: Secured to the shaft 1 is a pinion, Z, and grooved wheel, which wheel is provided with a projection, X, which presses against the tooth X on the bew el-wheel f The projection is prevented from backward motion by means of a spring, as. In addition-to this clutch there is another and smaller one between the grooved wheel and bevel-wheel f as shown in Fig. 16. llleshing into the pinion Z is'a gear-wheel, Z, carrying upon it a cam, 2. Situated over the cam z is a roller, 2, attached to a bell-crank lever 11, which is kept up by the spring b. The lever 1) works in a bearing, b and moves a second bell-crank lever, D which is provided with jaws which fit into the groove in.the wheel attached to thepinion Z. These levers are shown in Fig. 17. The gearing is so constructed that the wheel Z makes the same number of revolutions as the revolving platform and binding mechanism. As shown in Fig. 1.6, the binding mechanism and revolving platform are in gear. To throw them out of gear the lever Z) is pressed down. and the roller ,2" moves upon the cam 2 until the diameter of said cam suddenly diminishes, when the roller 2 and lever 11 are depressed. The roller z, striking the portion 2 of the cam, brings the wheels Z and Z to rest. At the same time the two bell-crank levers b b produce a lat eral motion of the pinion Z and the grooved wheel carrying the clutch X, which throws it out of contact with the tooth X of the bevel wheel f which revolves idly until the pressure is removed from'the lever b, when the spring I) raises the roller 2 and releases the cam, and thereby throws the projection X into contact with the tooth X, which sets the binding mechanism into action once more. By. this means of throwing in and out of gear the binding mechanism it is readily. seen that the compressing-arm.and band-carrier can be brought to rest only at the back of the ma chine and out of the sweep of the reel-arms H H.

The knife-bar is operated by the gear-wheel G, which is secured to the driving-wheel B, through the agency of the pinion g, shaft and bevel-gears g and The pinion 9 slides upon the shaft g ,,but revolves with it, and may be thrown in or out of gear at will by the lever d The driving-wheel B may be thrown in or out of gear with the shaft G by the clutch d and lever d. i

As shown, the rotating platform and binding mechanism move from the grain to the stubble side; but by a slight modification the reverse movement can be imparted to the said platform and its appendages, but not with quite so gooda result.

In the operation of the machine, grain is pressed on the cutters by one of the reel-arms, and then back onto the platform, to secure its being bound at or near the middle of the bundle. A second and third reel-arm carries the grain to the same point. Immediately after the third reel-arm has carried the grain to that point, and in the interval before the fourth reel-arm has caused the grain to fall on the platform, the rotating shaft K causes the compressing-arm and band-carrier to pass across the'platform from right to left, thus avoiding the cut grain being thrown upon them while while the band for binding is passed around.

the bundle and pressed between the bandholder t and the guide 26? by the head V The metallic ribbon being fed between the jaws T T, the piece t pushes the bands back within the metallic ribbon, and then the crimpingjaws T T close and crimp this ribbon around the band, and at the same time out it off from the rest of the ribbon, forming a metallic clip. Then the knives o and t cut the ban d, leaving the end secured within the bandholder and ready for the next bundle.

The cutting movement is imparted to the knife 12 by the action of the end of the camway 1' in plate 1 When the band is severed the rake discharges the bundle from the platform, and the same operation is performed once again. During this operation of binding the platform and binding mechanism revolve, carrying the bundle with them. Just before the discharging of the bundle the band-carrier ascends, and allows the rake Q3 full action.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim isit 1. The combination, with the springrod K band-carryin g armn, and opposing compressing-arm 0, of the endless compressing-baiut running freely over pulleys in the points of the band-carryin g and compressing arms, and kept taut by the spring-rod, substantially as described. 2. An inside divider composed of parts W and W, in combination with a cam, 20', for controlling the motion of the part W, substan tially as and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination, with the binding and compressing arms sweeping across the front of the platform to gather the grain, of the twopart vibrating divider, as and for the purpose set forth.

4.. In combination with the reel for the metallic ribbon, and with mechanism for applying to the band-clips severed therefrom, the intermediate feed-rolls, constructed so as to give a preparatory crimp to the ribbon in the act of feeding it.

5. In combination with a binder-arm and band-securing mechanism, a band-holder consistin g of an eccentric dog on one side of the slotted approach to said mechanism, working against an opposing clamping-surface on the other side of said slot, and arranged relatively to the delivery of the band thereto so that the latter. enters sidewise between the two surfaces in the direction of their convergence.

6. The combination of the reciprocating crimping-jaws T T, the opposing faces of the g jaws being V-shaped, and each jaw built up of leaves, alternating with those of the other, so that thejaws may close up tightly as they reciprocate.

7. The combination, with the reciprocating crimping-jaws, formed as described, of mechanism for feeding the ribbon of metal lengthwise between their V-faces, substantially as described.

8. The combination, with the reciprocating crimping-jaws, of mechanism for feeding a ribbon of metal between them and giving it a preparatory crimp as it is fed, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the reciprocating crimping-jaws, of mechanism for feeding a ribbon of metal thereto and giving it a preparatory crimp as it is fed, mechanism for introducing the ends of the band, and mechanism for severing the band and metal.

10. The combination, with the rotating binding-platform and the binding mechanism carried thereby, of clutching devices in the train of driving-gear operating, when unshipped by the attendant, to bring the platform uniformly to a stop, with the binding-arms directed away from the reel.

11. In combination with the baml-carrying arm, the band-securing mechanism, and their carriage, the pivotal driving-gear, perforated axially to admit the band material to its arm at the center of motion.

12. In combination with abindin g-arm sweepin g about a vertical axis to gather and present the gavel for delivery, and having an independent movement upon an axis transverse to the first to carry the band about said gavel, a drivin g-gear concentric with the vertical axis, and itself perforated axially to admit the band material to the arm.

13. The combination, with the binding and compressing arms having pinions upon the ends of their respective shafts, of the rackframes meshing with said pinions and cams for actuating the rack-frames to open and close said arms.

14. The combination, with the revolving platform and with the binding-arm carried thereby, of the stationary cam-plate beneath the platform and a rack-frame pivoted to the platform, meshing With a pinion upon the end. of the binding-arm shaft, and vibrated to actuate the arm by a projection upon its heel taking into a cam-groove in the plate.

15. The combination, with the revolving platform and with the bil'idii'ig and compressing arms mounted thereon and moving therewith, of the stationary cam-plate beneath the platform, and rack-frames pivoted to the plat.- form, meshing with pinions upon the ends of the shafts ofthe binding and compressing arms, and vibrated by projections upon their respect ive heels taking into cam-grooves in the plate to-cause the arms to open and close.

16. The combination of the revolving gathering compressing device and band-carrier with the mechanism for holding the band and crimping the metallic clip around the bands, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

17 The mechanism for throwing in and out of gear the revolvil'lg platform and binding mechanism, composed of the following parts: gear-wheels Z Z, cam 2 a roller 2, levers I) N, spring I), bevel or driving wheel f and clutch X X, operating substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

In testimony of whichinvention I hereunto set my hand.

SAMUEL JOHNSTON.

Witnesses:

R. A. TILGIIMAN, A. Moonn. 

